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- Who maintains the CSS specifications? What do you understand by W3C? The mission of the W3C is to lead the Web to its full potential by developing relevant protocols and guidelines. This is achieved primarily by creating and publishing Web...
- Describe z-index and how stacking context is formed? The z-index property specifies the stack order of elements. An element with a higher z-index stack order is always rendered in front of an element with a lower z-index stack order on the screen....
- Setting position: relative; on an element and no other positioning attributes, it will no effect on it's positioning. It allows the use of z-index on the element and it limits the scope of absolutely positioned child elements. Any child element will be absolutely positioned within that block. The only reason you would ever set an element to position: static is to forcefully-remove some positioning that got applied to an element outside of your control. The element is treated as relative positioned until it crosses a specified threshold, at which point it is treated as fixed positioned. That means that you can use an inline-block element as a block while flowing it within text or other elements.
- You can create classes for reusing it in many documents. By using it, you can control the styles of multiple documents from one file. In complex situations, you can use selectors and grouping methods to apply styles. Inline: Inline Style Sheet is used to style only a small piece of code. This technique is used to display the designed page perfectly on every screen size and device, for example, mobile, tablet, desktop and laptop.
21+ Advanced CSS Interview Questions Web Developers Must Know In 2021 (ANSWERED)
You don't need to create a different page for each device. If a web page has a large number of images that take a longer time to load because each image separately sends out an HTTP request. The concept of CSS sprites is used to reduce the loading time for a web page because it combines the various small images into one image. It reduces the number of HTTP requests and hence the loading time. Physical tags are referred to as presentational markup while logical tags are useless for appearances. Physical tags are newer versions, on the other hand, logical tags are old and concentrate on content. The elements are: Margin - It removes the area around the border. It is transparent. Border - It represents the area around the padding Padding - It removes the area around the content. Content - It represents the content like text, images, etc. The CSS float property is used to move the image to the right or left along with the texts to be wrapped around it.- It doesn't change the property of the elements used before it. To understand its purpose and origin, let's take a look at its print display. In the print display, an image is set into the page such that text wraps around it as needed. Its web layout is also just similar to print layout. In short, there is no easy way to restore to default values to whatever a browser uses. The closest option is to use the 'initial' property value, which restores the default CSS values, rather than the browser's default styles.
100+ Most Helpful HTML And CSS Interview Questions And Answers For 2021
The z-index helps to specify the stack order of positioned elements that may overlap one another. The z-index default value is zero and can take on either a positive or negative number. An element with a higher z-index is always stacked above than a lower index. Z-Index can take the following values: Auto: Sets the stack order equal to its parents. Number: Orders the stack order. Initial: Sets this property to its default value 0. Inherit: Inherits this property from its parent element. It will not affect the layout of the document. Its purpose is to deliver the information of the World Wide Web. It also develops rules and guidelines for the Web. It is the process of generating intermediate frames between two images.- It gives the impression that the first image has smoothly evolved into the second one. It is an important method used in all types of animations. In CSS3, Transforms matrix, translate, rotate, scale module can be used to achieve tweening. Apart from that, CSS3 contains new General Sibling Combinators which is responsible for matching the sibling elements with the given elements.
- Function How can styles or classes be changed in elements using JavaScript? JavaScript can be used to easily modify classes and styles in an element by making use of the following syntax: Modify styles: document. Advanced Interview Questions The following will cover the senior web developer interview questions but I suggest you go through them even if you are a fresher or an intermediate web developer candidate. CTA What are the types of popup boxes present in JavaScript? What is the difference between and? The event does add a bit of delay when rendering a web page. This ensures to reduce any delays in actions.
- How is type conversion handled in JavaScript? JavaScript supports automatic type conversion. Since it is weakly typed, you can pass a function as an argument into another function easily. This ensures that there are no errors or data type-associated warnings as values get converted to the required data type automatically. What is the meaning of the scope of a variable in JavaScript? Scope refers to the accessibility of functions and underlying variables in the running environment.
- There are two scopes supported in JavaScript: Local scope: Here, values and functions declared inside the same function function can only be accessed within that function and not outside it. How are comments used in JavaScript? JavaScript supports two types of comment insertion in the code. Single-line comments and multi-line comments. What are undefined and undeclared variables in JavaScript? Variables that have been declared already but not initialized are known as undefined variables.
- On the other hand, if a variable is being used in a program without being declared, then it is considered as an undeclared variable. What is the method used to submit forms in JavaScript? Forms can be submitted easily in JavaScript by calling the following method: document. Why is keyword used a lot in JavaScript? This object resides inside a method, and the keyword is used for referencing the corresponding variable or object. It is used to delay the execution of the JavaScript code on a web page until the parser completely loads and initializes the page. How can you prioritize SEO, maintainability, performance, and security in a web application? This is a commonly asked question in a Web Development interview.
- If it is a large firm, then security will get higher priority over SEO. Whereas, if it is a publication firm, SEO gets the preference. A little groundwork about the company should help you answer this question. The next web developer interview question we will look at is regarding jQuery. Check it out. What is the result if a jQuery Event Handler returns false? If the jQuery Event Handler returns a boolean false value, it simply means that the event will not execute further and will halt the execution for the particular action it is associated with. What is the use of the each function in jQuery? The each function in jQuery is used to iterate over a set of elements. A function can be passed to the each method. This will result in the execution of each of the events for which the object has been called. What is pair programming? Pair programming is a scenario where you will be working closely with a colleague on the project, and this is done to help solve the problems at hand.
Top 50 CSS Interview Questions You Should Prepare For In 2021
If the development scenario is fast-paced, Agile development might not work efficiently. The interviewer asks this question to see if you can work with other people easily and effectively. This is done to give users the ability to call any method that is defined for the jQuery object. What are the advantages of using a content delivery network CDN in jQuery? CDNs are widely used in jQuery as they offer an ample number of advantages for users. CDNs cause a significant reduction in the load for the server.- They provide large amounts of savings in the bandwidth. CDNs have a caching ability that adds to quicker load times. What are the types of CDNs supported in jQuery? With these programs, you can become an expert in Web Development and earn a course certificate as well.
- HTML 1. What is semantic HTML? It is the use of HTML markup to reinforce the semantics or meaning of the content. Instead of these we use and tags. How to create a nested webpage in HTML? In other words, it represents a webpage within a webpage. What is SVG? It is mostly used for vector type diagrams like pie charts, 2-Dimensional graphs in an X, Y coordinate system. What is the difference between progress and meter tag? Do all character entities display properly on all systems?
Top 44 HTML Interview Questions | HTML5 Interview Questions - Javatpoint
When that happens, these characters are displayed as boxes. What is the advantage of collapsing white space? Because the browser collapses multiple spaces into a single space, you can indent lines of text without worrying about multiple spaces. This enables you to organize the HTML code into a much more readable format. How do you create links to sections within the same page? What is the use of alternative text in image mapping? Using alternative text lets, you put a descriptive text on each hotspot link. Why are there both numerical and named character entity values? Because of this, named character entity values were created to make it easier for web page designers to use. What if there is no text between the tags or if a text was omitted by mistake? Will it affect the display of the HTML file? Therefore no formatting will appear. What are the limits of the text field size? However, if you include the size attribute, you can set the size value to be as low as 1.- The maximum size value will be determined by the browser width. If the size attribute is set to 0, the size will be set to the default size of 13 characters. How are active links different from normal links? Some browsers recognize an active link when the mouse cursor is placed over that link; others recognize active links when the link has the focus. What happens if you open the external CSS file in a browser? Do you know which are two semantic tags are included in HTML5 version? Articles can be composed of multiple sections that can have multiple articles. An article tag represents a full block of content which is a section of a bigger whole. It can be accessible without the need for internet connection. Some advantages of Application Cache: Offline browsing — Web users can also use the application when they are offline.
- Speed — Cached resources load quicker. Reduce the server load — The web browser will only download updated resources from the server. What are the tags used to separate a section of texts? Whereas, a div or division element is block-line which is equivalent to having a line-break before and after it and used to group larger chunks of code. Is there any way to keep list elements straight in an HTML file? If you indent each sub nested list in further than the parent list, you can easily determine the various lists and the elements that it contains. However, sessionStorage object stores the data for only one session. In the case of a localStorage object, data will not delete when the browser window closes. However, the data gets deleted if the browser window closes, in the case of sessionStorage objects. The data in sessionStorage is accessible only in the current window of the browser. But, the data in the localStorage can be shared between multiple windows of the browser.
- What is the relationship between the border and rule attributes? The first one is a static Web Page whereas the later one is a dynamic Web Page. HTML allows programmer to perform changes in the tags and use attribute minimization whereas XHTML when user need a new markup tag then user can define it in this. Additionally, the Browser may automatically go into Quirks or Strict Mode. What are some of the key new features in HTML5? A web worker is a script that runs in the background i. The user can continue to interact with the page while the web worker runs in the background. Workers utilize thread-like message passing to achieve parallelism. Today, most browsers and mobile devices support the Geolocation API. The Geolocation API works with a new property of the global navigator object. As opposed to that, inline elements are designed to take up a very minimal amount of space. How would you group form elements?
- Should you collapse white spaces? In HTML, white spaces are considered to be characters, too. That means that they take up space. If you collapse them, you might be able to improve the readability of your project. What are applets? What are the web sockets? What do you mean by Box Model? Every section of the box model relates to a CSS property: width, height, padding, border, and margin. What is the meaning of markup in HTML? The markup indicators are often known as tags. Elements and tags are two different words which we need to understand as there is a lot of confusion among public related to this fact. It must be noted that HTML documents contain tags, but do not contain the elements.
- It is a wide misconception that usually occurs in mind that both exist in HTML documents. When you navigate through a site using frames, the URL will not change as the documents in the individual frames change. This means that there is no way to indicate the combination of documents that make up the current state of the frameset. The author can provide multiple frameset documents, one for each combination of frame content.
- These frameset documents can be generated automatically, perhaps being created on the fly by a CGI program. Thus, the URL of the current frameset document will always specify the combination of frames being displayed, which allows links, bookmarks, etc. Thus, frames with pixel-based dimensions will be rendered with a slightly different size than that specified in the frameset document. The rounding error will vary depending on the exact size of the browser window. Furthermore, Navigator seems to store the percentage-based dimensions internally, rather than the original pixel-based dimensions. Thus, when a window is resized, the frames are redrawn based on the new window size and the old percentage-based dimensions.
- There is no way to prevent this behavior. To accommodate it, you should design your site to adapt to variations in the frame dimensions. This is another situation where it is a good idea to accommodate variations in the browser's presentation. You may consider doing any of the below if they are concerned about your source code. Create the web page in Macromedia Flash or a similar program. The visitor would need to download the Macromedia Flash plug-in and would be unable to view the source code for the flash applet. There are various scripts that will disable the right click feature, preventing the user from saving images or viewing the source. However, this will not protect the source code of your page. For example, Internet Explorer users may still click "View" and "Source" to view the source code of the page, or a user could disable scripts and images can be saved by simply saving the web page to the hard drive.
- There are several programs that will help scramble your code, making it difficult not impossible to read. Again, this is not going to prevent someone from viewing your code. Its functionality in a web environment is dependant upon either an ASP engine or the Windows Scripting Host, and must be used on a Windows hosting platform. What is shadow DOM? Polymers uses it. This way your DOM becomes reusable. Advanced HTML 1. How is data stored in HTML5? Data that is stored in the local storage is safe and will not be eliminated after the developer decides to exit the browser. In session storage, once you exit the browser, the data is automatically deleted. A portion of a text seems to climb out of the page boundaries.
- HTML 1. What is semantic HTML? It is the use of HTML markup to reinforce the semantics or meaning of the content. Instead of these we use and tags. How to create a nested webpage in HTML? In other words, it represents a webpage within a webpage. What is SVG? It is mostly used for vector type diagrams like pie charts, 2-Dimensional graphs in an X, Y coordinate system. What is the difference between progress and meter tag? Do all character entities display properly on all systems? When that happens, these characters are displayed as boxes.
- What is the advantage of collapsing white space? Because the browser collapses multiple spaces into a single space, you can indent lines of text without worrying about multiple spaces. This enables you to organize the HTML code into a much more readable format. How do you create links to sections within the same page? What is the use of alternative text in image mapping? Using alternative text lets, you put a descriptive text on each hotspot link.
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